As a resident you may register for national health insurance (mutua.) Do this through the local USSL or ASL (Azienda Sanitaria Locale.) Once you are paying the mutua payments, you may visit an assigned doctor and get prescription medications.
Foreigners who get national health insurance will be given a booklet known as the libretto sanitario which last only as long as their permesso di soggiorno. When applying as a foreigner, bring along a passport, residence papers (both the permesso di soggiorno and residence certificate,) and your codice fiscale, as well as proof of employment (dichiarazione del datore di lavoro,) or your marriage certificate.
INAIL covers workers against theconsequence of industrial accidents and injuries occuring during thecourse of employment.